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§ 8.69 6. Solicitation

 
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First Circuit

AGGRAVATED FELONY " DRUG TRAFFICKING OFFENSES " SOLICITATION
James v. Holder, 698 F.3d 24, *27 (1st Cir. Oct. 19, 2012) (The more difficult issue is whether James' conviction under section 21a"277(b) was for an offense that would also comprise trafficking"which is true of some but not necessarily all of the subordinate offenses listed in the Connecticut statute. The INA (through a series of cross-references) defines illicit trafficking to include the manufacture, distribution and dispensing of a controlled substance, as well as possession with intent to do any of these; INA 101(a)(43)(B), 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(43)(B), cf.18 U.S.C. 924(c)(2); 21 U.S.C. 841(a); but this definition does not appear to encompass offers and gifts, which are criminalized under the Connecticut statute.); citing United States v. Savage, 542 F.3d 959, 965 (2d Cir.2008) (Conn.Gen.Stat. 21a"277(b) plainly criminalizes, inter alia, a mere offer to sell a controlled substance, which might be made absent possession); Mendieta"Robles v. Gonzales, 226 Fed. App'x 564, 568"69 (6th Cir.2007) (conviction under state statute that criminalizes gift of drugs is not necessarily an illicit trafficking offense under INA); see also Matter of Davis, 20 I. & N. Dec. 536, 541 (B.I.A. 1992) (business or merchant nature is [e]ssential to the term trafficking under INA).).

Fifth Circuit

AGGRAVATED FELONY - SOLICITATION
United States v. Price, 516 F.3d 285 (5th Cir. Feb. 1, 2008) (Texas conviction for violation of Texas Health and Safety Code 481.112 is not a controlled substances offense for purposes of sentencing for a felon in possession of a firearm, under U.S.S.G. 2K2.1(a)(2), because the statute is divisible and could include an "offer to sell" (solicitation) offense).

Eleventh Circuit

AGGRAVATED FELONY - DRUG TRAFFICKING - SOLICITATION
United States v. Aguilar-Ortiz, __ F.3d __ (11th Cir. May 31, 2006) (Florida conviction for solicitation of delivery of drugs, in violation of Fla. Stat. 777.04(2) is not a "drug trafficking offense" for illegal re-entry sentencing purposes because the guidelines include aiding and abetting attempt, and conspiracy, but not solicitation offenses).

 

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